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Quantum Cloud Platforms

◐ Design-level API
This page documents qalgora-Q API design, architecture, or adaptation workflows. Code examples illustrate intended usage and are not guaranteed to run in the current reference implementation.

qalgora-Q targets a single kernel abstraction across simulators and the major quantum clouds. Reaching a physical QPU requires hardware-specific compilation plus a vendor adaptation plugin; once that is in place you set a target, supply credentials, and submit. Native direct submission to physical QPUs is not built in.

Targets across simulators, clouds & vendor SDKs

qalgora-Q plans to describe simulator, cloud-platform, and vendor-SDK workflows through one unified target abstraction. For compatible gate-model circuits an adapter can help export, transpile, and submit; non-gate-model tasks such as neutral-atom analog or photonic GBS need their own dedicated APIs.

import qalgora

# bell is a predefined example kernel (see Building Quantum Kernels)
# qalgora.set_target("ibm", machine="ibm_torino")   # planned adapter workflow — needs Qiskit Runtime credentials
# qalgora.set_target("google", machine="willow")       # Google Quantum AI (research)
# qalgora.set_target("braket", machine="ionq/Forte-1")  # Amazon Braket
# qalgora.set_target("azure", machine="quantinuum.h2")  # Azure Quantum

counts = qalgora.sample(bell, shots_count=1000)
Reference build runs locally — not real hardware
This example targets a remote cloud/QPU, but the open reference build does not submit to a real machine — it warns and falls back to the local CPU statevector simulator, returning simulated results. Submitting to an actual device (e.g. 天衍/TianYan, IBM, IonQ, Origin) requires the vendor’s own SDK and credentials.

Platform comparison

PlatformHardware reachedModalityAccessqalgora-Q page type
IBM QuantumHeron r2 156q, Nighthawk 120qSuperconductingOpen + Pay-as-you-go + PremiumAdapter workflow
Google Quantum AIWillow 105qSuperconductingResearch / CirqInterop notes (research)
Amazon BraketIonQ, IQM, Rigetti, QuEra, AQTMulti-vendorPay-as-you-go (AWS)Adapter workflow
Azure QuantumIonQ, Quantinuum, Rigetti, PasqalMulti-vendorPay-as-you-go (Azure)Adapter workflow
IonQForte #AQ36, Tempo #AQ64Trapped ionDirect cloudAdapter workflow
QuantinuumHelios 98q, 48 logicalTrapped ionDirect + brokersAdapter workflow
RigettiAnkaa-3 84q, Cepheus-1-108Q 108qSuperconductingVia Braket / AzureInterop notes (via Braket / Azure)

Access tiers, device availability and any pricing shift over time — confirm against each vendor's console / official pages. qalgora-Q's pages document adapter or interop workflows, not real-time device status.

Native gates & connectivity

PlatformNative 2-qubitConnectivity
IBMECR / CZHeavy-hex (routed)
Google√iSWAP / CZ2D grid (routed)
IonQMS (Mølmer–Sørensen)All-to-all
QuantinuumZZ / RZZAll-to-all (ion transport)
RigettiCZ / XYTunable-coupler lattice

qalgora-Q transpiles every kernel into the chosen device's basis and connectivity, so you write the algorithm once — see Transpilation.

Get hands-on

Step-by-step walkthroughs for running on each platform — credentials, submit, retrieve:

Portability
Compile-time checks flag gates a device cannot run natively and transpile your kernel to its native gate set and qubit connectivity automatically.

量子云平台

◐ 设计接口
本页描述的是 qalgora-Q 的接口设计、架构设计或适配工作流。相关代码用于说明预期用法,当前参考实现不保证可以直接运行。

qalgora-Q 用同一套内核抽象覆盖各类模拟器与主流量子云。要连接物理 QPU,需要针对硬件完成编译并加装对应厂商的适配插件;就绪之后再设置目标后端、提供凭据并提交任务。平台本身不内置直连真实 QPU 的原生提交能力。

覆盖模拟器 云平台与厂商 SDK 的目标后端

qalgora-Q 规划通过统一 target 抽象描述不同模拟器、云平台和厂商 SDK 工作流;对兼容的门模型线路,适配器可帮助导出/转译/提交;中性原子 analog、光量子 GBS 等非门模型任务需专用 API。

import qalgora

# bell 是预定义的示例内核(见“构建量子内核”)
# qalgora.set_target("ibm", machine="ibm_torino")   # 规划中适配工作流,需 Qiskit Runtime 凭据
# qalgora.set_target("google", machine="willow")       # Google Quantum AI(科研)
# qalgora.set_target("braket", machine="ionq/Forte-1")  # Amazon Braket
# qalgora.set_target("azure", machine="quantinuum.h2")  # Azure Quantum

counts = qalgora.sample(bell, shots_count=1000)
参考实现仅本地运行 · 非真机
此示例虽指向远程云端/QPU,但开放参考实现不会真正提交到真机 —— 它会给出告警并回退到本地 CPU 态矢量模拟器,返回模拟结果,不会真正提交到天衍等真机。真正提交真机需使用对应厂商的 SDK 与凭证。

平台对比

平台可达硬件技术路线访问方式qalgora-Q 页面性质
IBM QuantumHeron r2 156q, Nighthawk 120q超导开放 + 按量付费 + 高级版适配器工作流
Google Quantum AIWillow 105q超导科研合作 / Cirq互操作说明(科研)
Amazon BraketIonQ, IQM, Rigetti, QuEra, AQT多厂商按量付费(AWS)适配器工作流
Azure QuantumIonQ, Quantinuum, Rigetti, Pasqal多厂商按量付费(Azure)适配器工作流
IonQForte #AQ36, Tempo #AQ64离子阱直连云端适配器工作流
QuantinuumHelios 98q,48 个逻辑比特离子阱直连 + 代理适配器工作流
RigettiAnkaa-3 84q, Cepheus-1-108Q 108q超导通过 Braket / Azure互操作说明(经 Braket / Azure)

访问层级、设备可用性与任何价格信息都会随时间变化,具体以各厂商控制台/官方页面为准。qalgora-Q 的页面描述的是适配器或互操作工作流,并非实时设备状态。

原生门与连通性

平台原生双比特门连通性
IBMECR / CZ重六边形(需布线)
Google√iSWAP / CZ二维网格(需布线)
IonQMS(Mølmer–Sørensen)全连接
QuantinuumZZ / RZZ全连接(离子输运)
RigettiCZ / XY可调耦合器晶格

qalgora-Q 会将每个内核转译为目标设备的基(门)和连通性,算法只需编写一次——详见转译

动手实战

各平台的分步教程——凭据配置、任务提交与结果取回:

可移植性
编译期检查会标记设备无法原生运行的门,并自动将内核转译为目标设备的原生门集合与量子比特连通性。